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Commercial Systems and equipment are as applied generally
for business users or organisations, however, some residential
systems can also be used for commercial applications.
Arguably,
the most popular systems for medium to large commercial projects
are now VRV or VRF systems, these are modular heat pump or
condensing units connected to a number of room mounted fan
coil units. The systems use copper pipework distribution systems
to connect all the components. Refrigerant is used to provide
both cooling and heating and electricity is used as the power
source.
These systems are inherently very reliable and very efficient
and provide extremely economical running and owning costs
because the capacity of each system is matched to the load
by varying the refrigerant volume (VRV) or flow (VRF).
VRV/VRF systems provide year round heating or cooling if
required, so you do not need a boiler and radiators if a heat
pump is used.
Many
options are available with various means of controlling, both
locally, centrally and remote, you can have cooling only,
cooling and heating or heat recovery. Heat recovery can be
used in some buildings to reduce fuel consumption by recovering
waste heat from zones that need cooling to others that may
simultaneously require heating.
Split systems can serve single rooms or areas, either cooling
only or heat pumps.
Multi-split systems effectively are smaller versions of VRV
and VRF and can be designed to serve up to 7 small rooms or
areas.
Chilled water fan coil systems use a central water chiller
providing chilled water to any number of room mounted fan
coil units. Heat pumps are also available but more commonly
2-pipe systems only provide cooling as heating is dealt with
by an existing heating system, or 4-pipe where a boiler is
used to also supply hot water to the same room fan coil units.
Variable water temperature (VWT) systems have a common two
pipe water distribution system to which are connected room
or zone mounted terminal units (effectively a fan coil unit
but also with a refrigeration compressor) that are heat pumps.
The central plant comprises a cooling tower or other heat
rejection device plus a water boiler. The temperature of the
water circuit is adjusted by the central plant to suit prevailing
conditions and the terminal units then adjust the required
heating or cooling to suit the room requirements.
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