Commercial Systems and equipment are as applied generally for
business users or organisations, however, some residential systems
can also be used for commercial applications.
Arguably,
the most popular systems for medium to large commercial projects
are now VRV or VRF systems, these are modular heat pump or condensing
units connected to a number of room mounted fan coil units. The
systems use copper pipework distribution systems to connect all
the components. Refrigerant is used to provide both cooling and
heating and electricity is used as the power source.
These systems are inherently very reliable and very efficient
and provide extremely economical running and owning costs because
the capacity of each system is matched to the load by varying
the refrigerant volume (VRV) or flow (VRF).
VRV/VRF systems provide year round heating or cooling if required,
so you do not need a boiler and radiators if a heat pump is used.
Many
options are available with various means of controlling, both
locally, centrally and remote, you can have cooling only, cooling
and heating or heat recovery. Heat recovery can be used in some
buildings to reduce fuel consumption by recovering waste heat
from zones that need cooling to others that may simultaneously
require heating.
Split systems can serve single rooms or areas, either cooling
only or heat pumps.
Multi-split systems effectively are smaller versions of VRV and
VRF and can be designed to serve up to 7 small rooms or areas.
Chilled water fan coil systems use a central water chiller providing
chilled water to any number of room mounted fan coil units. Heat
pumps are also available but more commonly 2-pipe systems only
provide cooling as heating is dealt with by an existing heating
system, or 4-pipe where a boiler is used to also supply hot water
to the same room fan coil units.
Variable water temperature (VWT) systems have a common two pipe
water distribution system to which are connected room or zone
mounted terminal units (effectively a fan coil unit but also with
a refrigeration compressor) that are heat pumps. The central plant
comprises a cooling tower or other heat rejection device plus
a water boiler. The temperature of the water circuit is adjusted
by the central plant to suit prevailing conditions and the terminal
units then adjust the required heating or cooling to suit the
room requirements.
|